NITROGLYCERIN IN DEXTROSE- nitroglycerin injection
Baxter Healthcare Corporation
DESCRIPTION
Nitroglycerin is 1,2,3-propanetriol trinitrate, an organic nitrate. whose empiric formula is C3 H5 N3 O9 , and whose molecular weight is 227.09. The organic nitrates are vasodilators, active on both arteries and veins.
Dextrose (Dextrose Hydrous, USP) is D-glucose monohydrate, a hexose sugar. whose empiric formula is C6 H12 O6 � H2 O, and whose molecular weight is 198.17.
Nitroglycerin in 5% Dextrose Injection is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution of nitroglycerin and dextrose in water for injection. The solution is clear and practically colorless. Each 100 mL contains 10 mg, 20 mg, or 40 mg nitroglycerin (added as Diluted Nitroglycerin, USP with propylene glycol); 5 g Dextrose Hydrous, USP; 0.84 mL Alcohol, USP (added as a dissolution aid); and 105 mg Citric Acid Hydrous, USP (added as a buffer). The pH of the solution is adjusted with sodium hydroxide and, if necessary, hydrochloric acid.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
The principal pharmacological action of nitroglycerin is relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and consequent dilatation of peripheral arteries and veins, especially the latter. Dilatation of the veins promotes peripheral pooling of blood and decreases venous return to the heart, thereby reducing left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (preload). Arteriolar relaxation reduces systemic vascular resistance, systolic arterial pressure, and mean arterial pressure (afterload). Dilatation of the coronary arteries also occurs. The relative importance of preload reduction, afterload reduction, and coronary dilatation remains undefined.
Although dry nitroglycerin is explosive, nitroglycerin in 5% dextrose is not.
